As much as 60% of dogs and 69% of cats have been negatively affected by fireworks, according to recent polls from the RSPCA and Cats Protection. So, what can we do to ensure that the upcoming season is as stress-free as possible for our four-legged friends? Read on for ten tips and answers to common pet parents’ questions.

What are the signs of an anxious pet?

So, first things first, how do you know if your cat or dog is stressed out by fireworks?

These are common telltale signs of anxiety in dogs:

• Panting
• Drooling
• Yawning
• Increased heart rate
• Pacing
• Shaking and shivering
• Whining
• Barking
• Destructive behaviour
• Hiding

In cats, you may notice:

• Hiding or becoming withdrawn
• Flattened ears and wide pupils
• Restlessness or pacing
• Trying to escape
• Eating or drinking less than usual
• Excessive grooming or toileting indoors

Why do fireworks scare pets?

Cats and dogs have much more sensitive hearing than humans, and can hear some sounds at higher frequencies and from much greater distances than we can. This acute hearing, combined with the sheer unpredictability of the whistles, whooshes, bangs and pops of fireworks, can make fireworks night an uncomfortable and stressful experience for animals.

Can I take my dog to fireworks?

Even if your dog seems oblivious to the noise and excitement of fireworks night, they are much safer at home. Being up close to the flashes and bangs is likely to be too much for sensitive doggy ears. So, we would not recommend bringing any cat, dog or other pet to a fireworks display.

How to help pets during fireworks

Some pets will sail through fireworks season without a care in the world, but those of a more anxious disposition may find the experience a whole lot trickier. Fortunately, there are things you can try to help keep your pet calm during fireworks.

1. EXERCISE

Make sure your dog gets plenty of exercise earlier on in the day, and definitely before dusk. Being tired won’t stop your pet being anxious, but it may help them to stay a little calmer if they start to become fearful. Where possible, make any changes in routine a few days before you anticipate fireworks.

2. HOME BEFORE DUSK

If your pet gets nervous around loud noises, it’s worth making sure they’ll be safely indoors before dusk. Ensure all potential escape routes are closed to prevent your dog or cat running off if they get scared – check all windows and doors and secure cat flaps. Make sure your garden is secure, and keep your dog on a lead if you need to take them outside when fireworks are likely.

3. BRING HUTCHES INDOORS

Don’t forget small pets such as rabbits and guinea pigs, and consider bringing them indoors. Covering the hutch with a blanket can help reduce stress. If you can't bring your pet indoors, partly cover the hutch with a thick blanket, making sure there is plenty of ventilation and that your pet can still access food and water. Provide extra bedding so your pet can burrow and hide, and consider turning the hutch towards a wall to help block out flashes of light. Keep checking on your pet throughout the evening.

4. CLOSE THE CURTAINS

Close all windows and curtains to block out as much of the noise as possible and switch on the lights. This can help make flashes less noticeable to some pets and reduce visual stimulation.

5. TURN ON THE TV

With all windows and curtains closed, the next step is turning on the TV or radio. This can help to muffle firework noise, adding to a sense of calm and normality around your home.

6. GIVE THEM A SAFE SPACE

Create a safe space for your pet to hide in. They may choose a spot themselves – under the stairs or beneath your desk, for example. If not, you can create a hiding place for them. If they are crate trained, this can work well, or how about under the kitchen table? Make sure they can enter and leave their safe space freely. Cover their safe space with a blanket to help block out the light and fill it with their bed, a favourite toy and a familiar-smelling item of your clothing – this is known as a ‘fireworks den’.

7. ACT NORMAL

Try to remain calm and unfazed by fireworks, offering reassurance and closeness if your pet seeks it. Never tell your pet off for being loud or scared. They will not understand why you are cross, and you are likely to increase their fear surrounding fireworks.

8. OFFER DISTRACTION

Distraction tactics can help with some animals. Playing with a favourite wand toy with your cat or giving your dog a treat-filled toy such as a KONG Classic dog chew toy may be useful for taking your pet’s mind off things. However, leave them alone if they are happier hiding away in their den.

9. USE PHEROMONES

Synthetic pheromone products may help some pets feel more secure. Adaptil products for dogs use a synthetic version of dog-appeasing pheromone, while Feliway products for cats use synthetic feline pheromones. They are available as diffusers, collars or sprays, and can help some pets feel calmer in stressful situations. Ask your vet whether these products may be suitable for your pet.

10. SPEAK TO YOUR VET

If your pet is struggling with their firework fears, don’t hesitate to contact your vet. They will be able to offer advice and may prescribe medication or recommend other appropriate treatments to help in the short term. They can also refer you to a qualified animal behaviourist for further help and support.

What is firework desensitisation?

The aim of desensitisation is to gradually expose your pet to firework noise to help them overcome their fears in the longer term. In broad terms, training or a desensitising programme begins three to six months in advance of firework season, and is best followed under the guidance of a qualified pet behaviourist.

These are the basics of noise phobia desensitisation.

• You find a quiet, safe space where your pet is relaxed and a time when your pet is calm but not sleepy. Then, leave the door open so your pet can get away if they become uncomfortable.
• Next, play a recording of firework noises at a very low volume. If your pet remains relaxed, reward them with a small treat. If they show any signs of fear or discomfort, stop the session and try again later at a lower volume. Gradually, your pet may begin to associate fireworks with something positive.
• Over time, you would increase the volume of the recording very gradually and only at a pace that your pet is happy with. Be sure to continue with plenty of praise and food rewards when your pet is calm. If your pet shows signs of distress, reduce the volume or stop the session rather than pushing ahead. The aim is to build tolerance gradually, not to expose them to frightening levels of noise.
• Being patient is essential. Desensitisation may take weeks or months, which is why it’s best coordinated with a qualified pet behaviourist.

To learn more, check out the Association of Pet Behaviour Counsellors (APBC).

Firework season can be a time of anxiety for pets, but there’s lots that we can do to help. Knowing how to prepare is an important first step.